Perkins, H. Wesley. 1985. "Religious Traditions, Parents, and Peers as Determinants of Alcohol and Drug Use among College Students." Review of Religious Research, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 15-31. Relationships between religiosity and drinking/drug use among college students are examined in the context of family backgrounds and peer relations using data from a survey of an entire undergraduate population (N=1514). With a large minority of Jewish students represented, a uniquely detailed exploration of distinctive Jewish patterns was made possible. Initial findings on alcohol use conform to patterns found among previous generation of students: least drinking and negative consequences appeared among Jews with the most drinking and consequences among Catholics. Jewish students also report the fewest family problems with alcohol and the lowest consumption levels in social drinking by parents. Jewish restraint is substance specific, however; when other drug use was examined, no differences were found among religious groups. For both alcohol consumption and other drug use, friendship environments are the primary influences, while parental attitudes appear to play little direct part in the student behavior. Amid peer influences, however, a relatively strong faith commitment to a Judeo-Christian tradition remains as a significant moderating influence on alcohol/other drug use. Yet the power of peer acculturation in the college environment is the most dramatically revealed in a final examination of drinking over the four years of residence. While no significant differences are observed among class years in drinking behavior for Protestant and Catholic, Jewish drinking steadily increases to finally match that of the predominant religious groups. Thus alcohol restraint instilled by Jewish norms gives way to more immediate campus norms.